Die Deutsche Wochenschau is the title of the unified newsreel series released in the cinemas of Nazi Germany from June 1940 until the end of World War II, with the final edition issued on 22 March 1945. The co-ordinated newsreel production was set up as a vital instrument for the mass distribution of Nazi propaganda at war.
In this Die Deutsche Wochenschau video:
It shows footage from the opening of the Vienna Trade Fair, footage of the War Winter Relief donation drive and what has been purchased with the donations. The next scene show the production of medicine for export at the Bayer company, and the production of bullet-and shatterproof glass for the Wehrmacht. This is followed by scenes of evacuated German civilians returning to their homes and vacation homes for wounded soldiers. Other scenes include a parade of the SA-Feldherrenhalle Battalion, a parde of the SS-Leibstandarte, and a German parade in Warsaw on the anniversary of the 1st year of the war. The final scenes shows an overview over German bombing raids on Britain in August 1940, and a scene of a Do-17 bomber unit conducting a bombing raid on Britain is shown.
Remarks:
00:30 The Vienna Trade Fair is the biggest fair in Austria. Originally opened in 1921, with the goal of re-connecting Austria to international trade after WWI, there were two fairs hosted each year, a spring and autumn fair. After the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany, the fair lost much of its reputation, as it was overshadowed by bigger fairs held in Germany, such as the one in Leipzig of Frankfurt. The last trade fair was held in 1942; after the war, the trade fair was resumed and is still the largest trade fair in Austria.
00:38 Walther Funk (1890-1960) was a German economist and politician. From March 1933 to December 1937, he was chief spokesperson for both Hitler and the German Government, from February 1938 onwards, he was Economic Minister of Germany, from January 1939 also President of the Reich Bank.
00:54 The Leipzig Trade Fair is a trade fair in Leipzig, going back hundreds of years, the first recorded trade fair in Leipzig is from 1165. The trade fair was also held during the first years of the war, although already in 1940, the technics trade fair was cancelled, and the trade fair areal was used for armament production. In 1941, the fair was held for the last time; 80% of the fair grounds were destroyed by Allied bombing raids in 1943.
01:38 The War Winter Relief, before 1939 just called Winter Relief, was an annual donation drive by the National Socialist People's Welfare, a social welfare organization, to collect money and goods for welfare projects. Like all Nazi projects, the Winter Relief was highly embedded in Nazi ideology, for example, donations were only used to help “Aryan” families and people. While in theory voluntarily, in reality, donations were mandatory, each worker paid a small part of his monthly wage towards this donation drive. This was also intended so that the state had to use less money for social welfare, and could use that saved money for armament purposes.
02:03 The amount of donations steadily increased. In 1933/34, around 358 million RM were donated, that number increased to 415 million in 1936/37, the here mentioned 680 million in 39/40. The highest number was achieved in 1942/43, with combined donations of 1,595 million RM. The majority of these donations came from large companies, but also donated things, such as furniture, books, food etc., and also from payment roll donations.
02:27 As mentioned before, the money collected in the Winter Relief was often used to finance social care institutions, so that the state didn’t had to finance these and could use the money for other purposes, usually armament.
02:37 In the 1930s and 40s, it was quite common to have doctors travel around rural areas to visit the rural population, which often couldn’t afford a visit to the doctor or there simply wasn’t a doctor’s office in many small villages. This was quite common in many countries, such as the US, France, Germany etc.
03:15 The NSV (Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt, “National Socialist People's Welfare”) was a welfare organization in Nazi Germany. Initially founded in September 1931 as a small party charity for propaganda reasons, it became a central organization for social welfare and healthcare. It offered assistance to Germans (but only those of Aryan descent) with healthcare and also childbirth. During the bombing raids on Germany, it often provided first help to the bombed cities by providing meals and temporary shelters to the bombed population. It would also often organize large, nation-wide donation campaigns. While donating to these campaigns was voluntarily, there was social pressure on donating it, and people who refused to donate were viewed as suspicious persons by the authorities.
04:00 Despite what’s being claimed here, Germany actually did not drastically increased the number of women in the workforce during WWII. Germany already had a comparably high number of working women before the war; in 1939, 14.6 million, or roughly 47% of all German adult women, were working. This number only rose to 14.9 million by 1944, mainly because Hitler and Bormann were against employing more women for ideological reasons. In Great Britain, for comparison, only 5.1 million adult women were working in 1939, or 26% of all adult women.
04:26 The German Labor Front, created in May 1933, was the national labor organization in Nazi Germany after the ban of independent trade unions. All working Germans had to be a member of the Labor Front, and it was a tool of the Nazi government to control the workers and to expose them to Nazi propaganda. The Labor Front also employed people, as shown here, most of these people were unemployed before and drafted into construction work.
04:50 This footage was taken at the Bayer company in Leverkusen. Bayer is a company that mainly produces pharmaceutical, healthcare products, agriculture chemicals and biotechnology products. In 1925, Bayer became part of the IG Farben conglomerate, which was infamous for massively using slave labor in its factories. During the war, Bayer mainly produced important chemicals for the armament industry, such as oil, lubrications, rubber; one of the most important companies for German wartime production.
05:00 During WWII, Germany tried to keep up its export industry, but this was obviously made difficult with German ships being attacked by Allied Naval forces, and the fact that Germany increasingly focused production on its own war needs, leaving little room for export products.
05:21 Aspirin is a trademark name for acetylsalicylic acid, one of the most common painkillers in the world. It was first produced by Bayer in 1899, and remains one of the most commonly used medications in the world, with around 80 billion pills consumed every year.
06:06 The sign in the background says “Betaxin”. Betaxin is the name of a Vitamin B1 injection that was used to treat nerve inflammations. It is no longer in production.
07:11 During WWII, most German tanks and armored vehicles were fitted with bulletproof glass, to prevent enemy bullets from injuring or killing the driver.
08:10 This soldier is a Feldwebel, the lowest senior NCO rank in the German Army, comparable to a Staff Sergeant.
09:54 As the sign says, this was filmed in Ehrwald, a small town in Tyrol, in western Austria. It lies on the bottom of the Wetterstein mountains, a mountain group on the Austrian-German border, which also includes the 2,962metre high Zugspitze, Germanys highest mountain. Its prime location has made Ehrwald a famous place for tourists, especially for skiing and mountain climbing.
10:32 The Chiemsee roadhouse was the first larger roadside area of the German Autobahn, built in 1937. It was fairly large, the restaurant could fit 350 customers, the large, open veranda up to 1,300 and the nearby swimming pool up to 1,450 people. During WWII, it was mainly used to house wounded soldiers. Between 1945 and 2002, it was used by the US Army as a recreational center, and since 2012, its used as a private hospital.
11:04 The SA-Standarte “Feldherrenhalle”, named after the location of the 1923 attempted coup of the Nazis in Munich, was an armed formation of the SA. Created in 1934 after the Röhm purge, it initially had 6 units all over Germany. In September 1936, it received the honorary name “Feldherrenhalle”. In February 1937, Hermann Göring took the unit away from the SA and made it part of the Air Force. When WWII broke out, the remaining units became part of the 271th Infantry Regiment of the Wehrmacht, which received the honorary name “Feldherrenhalle” in August 1942.
11:05 Franz Maria von Dalwigk (1876-1947) was a German General during WWII. Serving since 1896, he was commander of Military District III between August 1939 and March 1943; he retired from the Wehrmacht in May 1943.
11:07 Viktor Lutze (1890-1943) was an SA-General and Nazi politician. He initially worked as a post clerk, before joining the Army in 1912 and fighting in WWI, being wounded four times. He left the Army as an officer in 1919 and was a co-owner of a small foundry from 1921 to 1925. In 1922, he joined the NSDAP and in 1923 the SA; he became the regional SA-Leader for the Ruhr Area in 1926. In 1931, he became SA-Leader for North Germany. After the Röhm purge in July 1934, Lutze became new leader of the SA, which had lost a lot of power by then and was basically little more than an organization providing pre-military training for its member. He was responsible for the terror against Jewish people and business in the November pogroms in 1938. Lutze had a serious car crash on May 1st, 1943, and died of the wounds sustained in the accident the next day. He was given a state funeral on May 7th, 1943.
12:15 The Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler, also known as the 1st SS-Tank Division, was Hitlers personal bodyguard. During WWII, it was also used on all fronts as an elite tank division. After the invasion of France, it was re-fitted and changed in size from a Regiment to a Brigade; this was done in Metz, in occupied France, where the unit spent six months. While being stationed there, the unit received a new flag, which was presented by Heinrich Himmler in September 1940.
13:50 Herms Niel (1888-1954) was a German composer and one of the most influential composer of military music during the Nazi era. He trained as a musician and joined the Guards Regiment in Potsdam as a Trombonist in 1906, staying in the army until 1918. After WWI, he worked as a tax officer until 1927, when he co-founded an Orchestra. He joined the Nazi party in May 1933 and became the conductor of the Orchestra of the Reich Labor Service. During WWII, he composed many marching songs which were widely distributed by the Nazis. He was made a Professor in April 1941 by Hitler.
14:07 This square is the “Piłsudski Square” in Warsaw, the larges city square, located in the city center. It was previously named “Saxon Square” between 1814 and 1928, and “Victory Square” between 1946 and 1990. During the German occupation of Warsaw, the square was renamed to “Adolf Hitler Square” in 1940.
14:58 The NSKK, or “National Socialist Motor Corps” (Nationalsozialistisches Kraftfahrkorps), was an organization of the NSDAP, responsible for training its members in driving and maintaining cars and trucks. During the war, it was also used to deliver supplies and ammunition to the frontlines, and providing truck drivers for the Army. As shown here, it was also used to recover and tow trucks and vehicles.
15:25 This footage was filmed on the occupied Channel Islands, as can be easily seen by the British police officers in the frame.
17:06 These planes are Savoia-Marchetti SM. 79 bombers, one of the most well-known Italian planes of WWII. Initially developed as a civilian transport plane in 1934, it achieved several speed world records in 1935, which led to an interest of the Air Force, and the first examples were bought in 1937. When WWII broke out, Italy had around 600 SM 79 in active service, and it was used in all theaters in a variety of roles, as bomber, torpedo bomber, transport or reconnaissance plane. It had five 12,7mm defensive MGs, and could carry up to 1,800 kilos of bombs. It was generally considered a well-made, fast and maneuverable aircraft, although as WWII progressed, it became more and more outdated. In total, Italy built 1,240 SM 79, but losses were also high: When the Armistice was signed in September 1943, the Italian Air Force only had 61 SM 79 bombers left.
19:53 The given number of 1352 destroyed English planes for the month of August is probably too high. During the entire Battle of Britain, which lasted for almost four months, the RAF lost 1,700 planes, plus an unknown number of planes lost in accidents. The RAF only lost around 350 planes in the month of August; many planes reported as destroyed by the Germans were actually only damaged.
20:08 The sign reads “Rest Home ‘The Tired Fighter’”
20:27 The officer on the right is a Major. This can be seen by the rank indicator on his upper sleeve; these ranks on the flying suits looked very different from the normal shoulder boards.
21:19 The planes in this scene are Do-17 bombers. The Do-17 was developed in 1932; originally as a “High Speed Mail Plane”, but this was only to hide its real purpose, it was planned as a military aircraft all along. The Do-17 was a relatively fast aircraft, with a top speed of up to 427kmh. It could carry up to 1000 kilos of bombs. During the Battle of Britain, Do-17 were often used for low-altitude attacks, for which it was suited, but they also suffered heavy losses. Do-17 were produced from August 1936 to October 1940, when they were replaced by Do-217 and Ju-88. After the Battle of Britain, Do-17 were often given to other Axis states, such as Bulgaria, Finland or Romania, or re-fitted as reconnaissance or night-fighter plane.
24:23 This shot gives a good impression of the relatively low altitude at which Do-17 performed their bombing raids.
In this Die Deutsche Wochenschau video:
It shows footage from the opening of the Vienna Trade Fair, footage of the War Winter Relief donation drive and what has been purchased with the donations. The next scene show the production of medicine for export at the Bayer company, and the production of bullet-and shatterproof glass for the Wehrmacht. This is followed by scenes of evacuated German civilians returning to their homes and vacation homes for wounded soldiers. Other scenes include a parade of the SA-Feldherrenhalle Battalion, a parde of the SS-Leibstandarte, and a German parade in Warsaw on the anniversary of the 1st year of the war. The final scenes shows an overview over German bombing raids on Britain in August 1940, and a scene of a Do-17 bomber unit conducting a bombing raid on Britain is shown.
Remarks:
00:30 The Vienna Trade Fair is the biggest fair in Austria. Originally opened in 1921, with the goal of re-connecting Austria to international trade after WWI, there were two fairs hosted each year, a spring and autumn fair. After the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany, the fair lost much of its reputation, as it was overshadowed by bigger fairs held in Germany, such as the one in Leipzig of Frankfurt. The last trade fair was held in 1942; after the war, the trade fair was resumed and is still the largest trade fair in Austria.
00:38 Walther Funk (1890-1960) was a German economist and politician. From March 1933 to December 1937, he was chief spokesperson for both Hitler and the German Government, from February 1938 onwards, he was Economic Minister of Germany, from January 1939 also President of the Reich Bank.
00:54 The Leipzig Trade Fair is a trade fair in Leipzig, going back hundreds of years, the first recorded trade fair in Leipzig is from 1165. The trade fair was also held during the first years of the war, although already in 1940, the technics trade fair was cancelled, and the trade fair areal was used for armament production. In 1941, the fair was held for the last time; 80% of the fair grounds were destroyed by Allied bombing raids in 1943.
01:38 The War Winter Relief, before 1939 just called Winter Relief, was an annual donation drive by the National Socialist People's Welfare, a social welfare organization, to collect money and goods for welfare projects. Like all Nazi projects, the Winter Relief was highly embedded in Nazi ideology, for example, donations were only used to help “Aryan” families and people. While in theory voluntarily, in reality, donations were mandatory, each worker paid a small part of his monthly wage towards this donation drive. This was also intended so that the state had to use less money for social welfare, and could use that saved money for armament purposes.
02:03 The amount of donations steadily increased. In 1933/34, around 358 million RM were donated, that number increased to 415 million in 1936/37, the here mentioned 680 million in 39/40. The highest number was achieved in 1942/43, with combined donations of 1,595 million RM. The majority of these donations came from large companies, but also donated things, such as furniture, books, food etc., and also from payment roll donations.
02:27 As mentioned before, the money collected in the Winter Relief was often used to finance social care institutions, so that the state didn’t had to finance these and could use the money for other purposes, usually armament.
02:37 In the 1930s and 40s, it was quite common to have doctors travel around rural areas to visit the rural population, which often couldn’t afford a visit to the doctor or there simply wasn’t a doctor’s office in many small villages. This was quite common in many countries, such as the US, France, Germany etc.
03:15 The NSV (Nationalsozialistische Volkswohlfahrt, “National Socialist People's Welfare”) was a welfare organization in Nazi Germany. Initially founded in September 1931 as a small party charity for propaganda reasons, it became a central organization for social welfare and healthcare. It offered assistance to Germans (but only those of Aryan descent) with healthcare and also childbirth. During the bombing raids on Germany, it often provided first help to the bombed cities by providing meals and temporary shelters to the bombed population. It would also often organize large, nation-wide donation campaigns. While donating to these campaigns was voluntarily, there was social pressure on donating it, and people who refused to donate were viewed as suspicious persons by the authorities.
04:00 Despite what’s being claimed here, Germany actually did not drastically increased the number of women in the workforce during WWII. Germany already had a comparably high number of working women before the war; in 1939, 14.6 million, or roughly 47% of all German adult women, were working. This number only rose to 14.9 million by 1944, mainly because Hitler and Bormann were against employing more women for ideological reasons. In Great Britain, for comparison, only 5.1 million adult women were working in 1939, or 26% of all adult women.
04:26 The German Labor Front, created in May 1933, was the national labor organization in Nazi Germany after the ban of independent trade unions. All working Germans had to be a member of the Labor Front, and it was a tool of the Nazi government to control the workers and to expose them to Nazi propaganda. The Labor Front also employed people, as shown here, most of these people were unemployed before and drafted into construction work.
04:50 This footage was taken at the Bayer company in Leverkusen. Bayer is a company that mainly produces pharmaceutical, healthcare products, agriculture chemicals and biotechnology products. In 1925, Bayer became part of the IG Farben conglomerate, which was infamous for massively using slave labor in its factories. During the war, Bayer mainly produced important chemicals for the armament industry, such as oil, lubrications, rubber; one of the most important companies for German wartime production.
05:00 During WWII, Germany tried to keep up its export industry, but this was obviously made difficult with German ships being attacked by Allied Naval forces, and the fact that Germany increasingly focused production on its own war needs, leaving little room for export products.
05:21 Aspirin is a trademark name for acetylsalicylic acid, one of the most common painkillers in the world. It was first produced by Bayer in 1899, and remains one of the most commonly used medications in the world, with around 80 billion pills consumed every year.
06:06 The sign in the background says “Betaxin”. Betaxin is the name of a Vitamin B1 injection that was used to treat nerve inflammations. It is no longer in production.
07:11 During WWII, most German tanks and armored vehicles were fitted with bulletproof glass, to prevent enemy bullets from injuring or killing the driver.
08:10 This soldier is a Feldwebel, the lowest senior NCO rank in the German Army, comparable to a Staff Sergeant.
09:54 As the sign says, this was filmed in Ehrwald, a small town in Tyrol, in western Austria. It lies on the bottom of the Wetterstein mountains, a mountain group on the Austrian-German border, which also includes the 2,962metre high Zugspitze, Germanys highest mountain. Its prime location has made Ehrwald a famous place for tourists, especially for skiing and mountain climbing.
10:32 The Chiemsee roadhouse was the first larger roadside area of the German Autobahn, built in 1937. It was fairly large, the restaurant could fit 350 customers, the large, open veranda up to 1,300 and the nearby swimming pool up to 1,450 people. During WWII, it was mainly used to house wounded soldiers. Between 1945 and 2002, it was used by the US Army as a recreational center, and since 2012, its used as a private hospital.
11:04 The SA-Standarte “Feldherrenhalle”, named after the location of the 1923 attempted coup of the Nazis in Munich, was an armed formation of the SA. Created in 1934 after the Röhm purge, it initially had 6 units all over Germany. In September 1936, it received the honorary name “Feldherrenhalle”. In February 1937, Hermann Göring took the unit away from the SA and made it part of the Air Force. When WWII broke out, the remaining units became part of the 271th Infantry Regiment of the Wehrmacht, which received the honorary name “Feldherrenhalle” in August 1942.
11:05 Franz Maria von Dalwigk (1876-1947) was a German General during WWII. Serving since 1896, he was commander of Military District III between August 1939 and March 1943; he retired from the Wehrmacht in May 1943.
11:07 Viktor Lutze (1890-1943) was an SA-General and Nazi politician. He initially worked as a post clerk, before joining the Army in 1912 and fighting in WWI, being wounded four times. He left the Army as an officer in 1919 and was a co-owner of a small foundry from 1921 to 1925. In 1922, he joined the NSDAP and in 1923 the SA; he became the regional SA-Leader for the Ruhr Area in 1926. In 1931, he became SA-Leader for North Germany. After the Röhm purge in July 1934, Lutze became new leader of the SA, which had lost a lot of power by then and was basically little more than an organization providing pre-military training for its member. He was responsible for the terror against Jewish people and business in the November pogroms in 1938. Lutze had a serious car crash on May 1st, 1943, and died of the wounds sustained in the accident the next day. He was given a state funeral on May 7th, 1943.
12:15 The Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler, also known as the 1st SS-Tank Division, was Hitlers personal bodyguard. During WWII, it was also used on all fronts as an elite tank division. After the invasion of France, it was re-fitted and changed in size from a Regiment to a Brigade; this was done in Metz, in occupied France, where the unit spent six months. While being stationed there, the unit received a new flag, which was presented by Heinrich Himmler in September 1940.
13:50 Herms Niel (1888-1954) was a German composer and one of the most influential composer of military music during the Nazi era. He trained as a musician and joined the Guards Regiment in Potsdam as a Trombonist in 1906, staying in the army until 1918. After WWI, he worked as a tax officer until 1927, when he co-founded an Orchestra. He joined the Nazi party in May 1933 and became the conductor of the Orchestra of the Reich Labor Service. During WWII, he composed many marching songs which were widely distributed by the Nazis. He was made a Professor in April 1941 by Hitler.
14:07 This square is the “Piłsudski Square” in Warsaw, the larges city square, located in the city center. It was previously named “Saxon Square” between 1814 and 1928, and “Victory Square” between 1946 and 1990. During the German occupation of Warsaw, the square was renamed to “Adolf Hitler Square” in 1940.
14:58 The NSKK, or “National Socialist Motor Corps” (Nationalsozialistisches Kraftfahrkorps), was an organization of the NSDAP, responsible for training its members in driving and maintaining cars and trucks. During the war, it was also used to deliver supplies and ammunition to the frontlines, and providing truck drivers for the Army. As shown here, it was also used to recover and tow trucks and vehicles.
15:25 This footage was filmed on the occupied Channel Islands, as can be easily seen by the British police officers in the frame.
17:06 These planes are Savoia-Marchetti SM. 79 bombers, one of the most well-known Italian planes of WWII. Initially developed as a civilian transport plane in 1934, it achieved several speed world records in 1935, which led to an interest of the Air Force, and the first examples were bought in 1937. When WWII broke out, Italy had around 600 SM 79 in active service, and it was used in all theaters in a variety of roles, as bomber, torpedo bomber, transport or reconnaissance plane. It had five 12,7mm defensive MGs, and could carry up to 1,800 kilos of bombs. It was generally considered a well-made, fast and maneuverable aircraft, although as WWII progressed, it became more and more outdated. In total, Italy built 1,240 SM 79, but losses were also high: When the Armistice was signed in September 1943, the Italian Air Force only had 61 SM 79 bombers left.
19:53 The given number of 1352 destroyed English planes for the month of August is probably too high. During the entire Battle of Britain, which lasted for almost four months, the RAF lost 1,700 planes, plus an unknown number of planes lost in accidents. The RAF only lost around 350 planes in the month of August; many planes reported as destroyed by the Germans were actually only damaged.
20:08 The sign reads “Rest Home ‘The Tired Fighter’”
20:27 The officer on the right is a Major. This can be seen by the rank indicator on his upper sleeve; these ranks on the flying suits looked very different from the normal shoulder boards.
21:19 The planes in this scene are Do-17 bombers. The Do-17 was developed in 1932; originally as a “High Speed Mail Plane”, but this was only to hide its real purpose, it was planned as a military aircraft all along. The Do-17 was a relatively fast aircraft, with a top speed of up to 427kmh. It could carry up to 1000 kilos of bombs. During the Battle of Britain, Do-17 were often used for low-altitude attacks, for which it was suited, but they also suffered heavy losses. Do-17 were produced from August 1936 to October 1940, when they were replaced by Do-217 and Ju-88. After the Battle of Britain, Do-17 were often given to other Axis states, such as Bulgaria, Finland or Romania, or re-fitted as reconnaissance or night-fighter plane.
24:23 This shot gives a good impression of the relatively low altitude at which Do-17 performed their bombing raids.
https://archive.org/details/die-deutsche-wochenschau-berita-mingguan-jerman-no.-523-12-september-1940-teks-indonesia
https://digitaler-lesesaal.bundesarchiv.de/en/video/7101/660028
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XNQu8X-BNhk
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